Number and Operation Introduction Mastery Strategies Standards Assessments   1. Model, read, write, order, and compare (using the symbols <, >, or =) and round (to the nearest 100, 1000, and dollar) numbers through 10,000 – 100,000.         2. Model, read, write, and identify numbers with place values to 10,000.         3. Demonstrate a mastery of multi-digit addition and subtraction (2 + 3 digit – whole numbers).         4. Know whether to and be able to add, subtract, multiply, and divide when solving one-step problems, using part/total and compare strategies.  Explain orally and in writing the solution approach and write the corresponding number sentence.         5. Know whether to and be able to add and subtract when solving two-step addition and subtraction problems.  Explain orally and in writing the solution approach and write the corresponding number sentences.         6. Demonstrate understanding of multiplication using arrays and other models of counting multiple copies of equal-sized groups formed into a total.         7. Demonstrate understanding of the concept of division using arrays and other models of counting the repeated removal of equal sized groups from a total.         8. Demonstrate fluency with the “easy” multiplication facts [2s, 5s, 9s, 0s, 1s, and the squares] and the related division facts.       9. Use concrete materials to demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between whole and fractional numbers.         10. Explore equivalencies and comparisons between fractions using fraction bars and circles.           11. Read, write, and model fractions of fifths, sixths, eighths, and tenths found in common situations.         12. Identify coins and bills to $5, count collections of bills and coins and make change to $5.00.       13. Estimate a reasonable answer prior to calculation.         14. Use front-end and back-end estimation to determine the reasonableness of an answer (sum, difference, product, quotient, remainder, division, dividend).         Measurement 1. Measure and draw line segments in inches (to the ¼ inch) and centimeters.           2. Measure, calculate, and compare and contrast areas and perimeters of rectangles and squares using rulers, grids, models and/or pictures.       3. Draw shapes for given perimeters and draw rectangles/squares for given areas.         4. Know appropriate unit (customary or metric) used to measure length (cm, m, km, in., ft., yd., mile), weight/mass (g, kg, oz., lb., ton), and capacity (ml, l, pint, gal.).         5. Determine appropriate units of measure in metric and customary units for length, weight/mass, and capacity.         6. Develop benchmarks for estimating length, area, time, and temperature.           7. Write and tell time to the nearest minute (digital and analog).       8. Read, write, and tell time to the minute from a clock and write in digital notation.         9. Compare estimated measures to actual measurements.         10. Use the calendar to solve problems related to the passage of time.         Geometry 1. Identify, describe, and draw polygons (3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 sides) and three-dimensional shapes (cones, cylinders, cubes, and spheres) and prisms and pyramids named by base; work toward definitions and shapes.           2. Build physical models of three-dimensional shapes from flat patterns.         3. Compare and contrast two- and three-dimensional geometric figures on the basis of their properties, faces, edges, and vertices, parallel and congruent sides/faces, similarities, line symmetry, and perpendicular parts/right angles.       4. Find multiple lines of symmetry in polygons and solids.           5. Identify congruent and similar (enlarged or shrunk) shapes.       6. Describe motions (i.e., slides, flips, and turns) that will move one figure to coincide with another.         Data and Probability 1. Collect, organize, display, analyze, construct, label, interpret, and record data using previous forms, as well as tables, pictographs, coordinate, or line graphs.           2. Formulate questions, make predictions about outcomes and influence of questions on the nature of the data, collect, organize, display, and interpret the resulting data, communicating the story it tells.       3. Propose and justify conclusions that can be drawn from data, giving reasoning.         4. List possible outcomes of simple 1-stage chance situations and using terms of certain, more likely, least likely, and impossible, as well as numbers to describe outcomes (i.e., 1 out of 3; 1/3).         5. Formulate questions about chance events, make predictions and decisions based on probability experiments, and communicate reasoning.           6. Title the graphs, i.e., x, y.       7. Bias – best way of finding out kids’ favorite lunch – survey data (What story does the graph tell me)?         Algebra 1. Recognize, create, analyze, and extend a variety of geometric and numeric patterns.         1. Use tables to find and complete numerical relationships.         3. Interpret an algebraic expression relating a given pattern (e.g., m + 3).           4. Determine output for function machines having rules involving addition, subtraction, and multiplication.         5. Explain the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction.       6. Solve story problems by writing a number sentence equation using a variable to represent the missing number.         7. Explain computations using number properties (e.g., commutative, associative, zero, and one).         8. Explain the meaning and use of standard mathematical symbols for operations and relationships of quantities pictorially, verbally, and symbolically.